Solar Storm Visible The Northern Light in Michigan.
Saturday, May 11, 2024
Solar Storm Visible The Northern Light in Michigan.
MD_Shah009
Saturday, May 11, 2024
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Earth could be affected by a major geomagnetic storm starting Friday, causing the northern lights to be visible over much of Michigan, not just the northern region.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration issued a severe geomagnetic storm watch on Thursday, the first since 2005 when the agency issued a so-called G4 warning. The storm was expected to hit Earth's magnetic field on Friday and continue through the weekend.
In an update Friday evening, NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center said the G5, or extreme, conditions have been observed for the first time since 2003.
Only three severe geomagnetic storms have occurred since the start of the solar cycle in 2019. The storm could cause widespread disruption to power grids, spacecraft and radio communications.
Solar storms can "induce an electrical current that isn't supposed to be there," said Robert Steinberg, a space scientist at the Space Weather Prediction Center in Colorado, during a press call Friday. "Our role is to alert the operators of these various systems so that they are aware and can take steps to mitigate these types of impacts."
The northern lights, or aurora borealis, create an ethereal light show that is usually confined to areas a little closer to the North and South Poles. However, due to geomagnetic storms, lights can be seen near the equator depending on the intensity of the storm.
The phenomenon is expected to be visible late Friday and early Saturday. Generally, the northern lights are visible in northern Michigan and areas near the north. However, storm intensity will make it visible as far south as Alabama.
According to Michigan Technological University, the northern lights are most visible in the night sky, so the best time to see them is after 10 p.m., with many experts recommending waiting until after midnight.
"We're less certain about the timing of these events because we're talking about something from 93 million miles away," Sean Dahl, service coordinator for the Space Weather Prediction Center, said during a press call.
"Predicting the arrival of these events with a very good degree of accuracy is extremely difficult because there is so much of what we call the solar wind … but we have a very high confidence of their arrival on Earth. It is less certain about the timing."
Its high northern latitude and unobstructed view from the southern shore of Lake Superior make the Upper Peninsula one of the best places in the mainland United States to catch the aurora borealis.
Friday, February 4, 2022
Institution of suit | In Code of Civil Procedure | First stage of the case in the civil matter.
MD_Shah009
Friday, February 04, 2022
1
Institution of Suit
A 'suits' is considered to be a civil proceeding filed in a civil court. plaint is considered to be a document by presentation of a civil court, a party seeks relief from such a court.
Section 26 and Order 4(1) provide for institution of suits.
Section 26,
Every suit shall be instituted by the presentation of a plaint or in such other manner as may be prescribed
Order 4(1),
- Every suit shall be instituted by presenting a plaint to the Court
- such officer appoints for it
- officers and plaint together collect the true copies of the plaint
- defendants for service of summons upon such defendants
Every suit must be instituted by the presentation of a plaint in duplicate or in such other manner as may be prescribed by the Code by the plaintiff himself or by his advocate or by his recognized agent or by any person duly authorized by him. Therefore, generally, a proceeding which does not commence with a plaint is not a “suit”.
Case:
- Basanta Kumar vs. Lakhsma Moni, AIR 1968 Ass 57
- Secy, of State vs. Kundan Singh, AIR 1932 Lah 374
Section 15,
Every suit shall be instituted in the Court of the lowest grade competent to try it.
Reference:
# The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 S26, O(IV), Rule1
# C.K Takwani- civil procedure, p.184-185.
# The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 S15
Tuesday, October 19, 2021
The Social System of Islam | In Mediaeval India or Indian Sub-continent Muslim Social Order.
MD_Shah009
Tuesday, October 19, 2021
2
Muslim Social Order Under Islamic Law
'political theory and religion system on The Indian Sub-continent in Mediaeval India.'
The social system of Muslims was based on their religion, Islam, which may be described as a reformist version of current 7th century Arabian practice. The Muslims followed the principles of equality for men and they had no faith in the graded or sanctified inequality of caste system.
Muslim religion places every man on an equal footing before Allah, overriding distinctions of class, nationality, race and cooler.
It was in a sense more patriarchal and of necessity, arbitrary, i.e. not bound by rigid rules. Polygamy was restricted by Islam to the taking of four wives. The main underlying idea of the Muslim rule in India was its own self-preservation and political domination over Hindus.
In the early days, no doubt, the Muslims who
came from Persia, Turkey and Afghanistan kept themselves aloof from the
Indians, but in due course the old barriers were’ lifted and a process of
Indianisation began which reached its climax during the Mughal period. The
Muslims adopted many habits, ways and manners of Hindus and vice versa.
The political theory of Muslims was governed by their religion; Islam. It was based on the teachings of the Quran, their religious book, the traditions of the Prophet and precedent. The teachings laid down only the fundamental principles on which the Islamic policy was based. No well-defined political institution was specifically created by the Quran.
The political institutions which were adopted and developed by the Muslims were based on the ideas given by the Greek philosophers. according to the Indian which was totally wrong. Sovereignty in a Muslim State belonged to Allah.
The Muslim kings in India in general regarded themselves as Allah humble servants (Nyazmande-dargah-e-Ilahi). The ruler was his delegate, duly elected by the people to perform certain functions according to the Quran. The Muslim polity was based on the conception of the legal sovereignty of the Sharia or Islamic Law.
The political theory laid emphasis on the fact that all Muslims formed one congregation of the faithful’s and it was necessary for them to unite closely in the form of an organized community. Any attempt to break away from the organized community was condemned by the religion.
All the members of the community elected the Khalifah or Caliph as the commander of the faithful’s. It was made obligatory on all Muslims to owe allegiance to the Caliph who was also their ruler: In India the Sultans of Delhi, though absolute regents, claimed to be the representatives of the Caliph.
The Quran being of outright
power, all contention focused round its understanding, from which emerged the
Muslim Law or Shariat. But the Muslims to which the Turks and Afghans in
India adhered, and the in Persia.
The Muslim religion, changed by
its Turkish and Afghan impacts, was additionally altered by the Persian culture
by which every one of the intruders were pretty much affected.
Kulkarni has brought up:
"The Turkish intruders of India introduced a political and strict plan in the country, the fundamental unfairness and imbalance of which couldn't be entirely eliminated even by the most illuminated Muslim rulers. Strict prejudice and bigotry were the bedrock of their arrangement."
The arrangement of prejudice enlivened the Sultans to proliferate weird regulations. According to the Hindu peoples but we know that this is absolutely wrong. While Firoz Shah declared with admirable finality that India was a country.
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Saturday, October 9, 2021
Muslim Period in the beginning of the legal history of India | Muslim Period: in Indian Sub-continent
MD_Shah009
Saturday, October 09, 2021
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The Muslim Period in Mediaeval India
Muslim period marks the beginning of a new era in the legal history of India. Bedouins were the primary Arabs Muslims who came to India. They came in the 8th century and settled down in the Malabar Coast and in Sind but never penetrated further. This was generally tragic, for, in the event that they had done as such as they did in Europe, Indian culture and human progress would not have deteriorated.
The synthesis between Islamic and Hindu cultures would have blossomed and Indians would have taken the palm in scientific advancement instead of the Europeans who had the benefit of Arabic culture.
For what it's worth, the Arabs vanquished the Persians, Afghans, and Turks, and changed them over to Islam; and it was the Afghans and Turks who were let free on India.
Just as the Roman Empire collapsed before the German the Huns and Goths so too the Hindu kingdoms fell before the Asian the Afghans and Turks.
However, having come to India as rulers, they were politic enough not to irritate the Hindus totally.
In the event that things proceeded as they were, all would have been well on the grounds that regardless of some hostility the two societies would have become one in process of everything working out.
Rulers like Akbar, the Great, and saints like Kabir strove hard for such unity, but unfortunately for the Indians.
the British arrived on the scene advance themselves, to establish themselves as dealers and gain power and having obtained the ability to merge themselves as rulers and sit immovably in the Red Fort at Delhi, they fanned into blazes the perishing coals of antagonism between Hindus and Muslims.
However long they remained in India they kept it up and even while stopping India they intentionally parceled the country into India and Pakistan to politically debilitate the subcontinent.
In this unique situation, it is of some significance to decide momentarily the primary explanations behind the defeat of the Hindu realm and study the Muslim social request, political hypothesis, and strict way of thinking.
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Brief history About The Muslim Period: in Medieval India | Muslim Period: in Indian Sub-continent
MD_Shah009
Saturday, October 09, 2021
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Muslim Period in Medieval India
This period begins with
the intrusion by Turkish Muslims in the Indian Sub-landmass in 1100 A.D. The
Hindu kingdoms began to disintegrate gradually with the invasion of the Turkish
race at the end of the eleventh and the beginning of the twelfth century. When
Muslims conquered the states, they brought with them the Turkish idea of
administration. The hypothesis of Muslims depended on Quran, their strict book.
As indicated by the Quran, power lies in Allah (God) and the King is His
unassuming worker to do His will on the earth. The ruler was regarded as
trustee, being the Almighty's chosen agent.
The entire Muslim period in India might be separated into two sub-periods-
- the Sultanate of Delhi and
- the Mughal Empire.
Muslim Sultanate was
established in Delhi by Muhammad Ghor. This period existed for a long time
starting from 1206 till 1526.
Then again, in 1526 Delhi Sultanate reached a conclusion when Delhi was caught by Zahiruddin Babar. Babar founded the Mughal Empire in India existed until 1857.
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Monday, October 4, 2021
God in Islam | ALLAH ( اللهِ ) | Knowing About The Universal Creator
MD_Shah009
Monday, October 04, 2021
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بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
"In the name of Allah (God)"
"I'm beginning for the sake of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful"
God in Islam:
God in Islam is the main and only god (Allah) and he is totally one, extraordinary, and great, liberated from all flaws, deficiencies, and deformities; He is all-powerful, inescapable, all-knowing, and totally endless in each of His credits, who has no accomplice or equivalent, being the sole maker of everything in presence.
Allah meaning and facts:
Allah, in the form of the Arabic ‘al’ which means ‘the’ and ‘ilah’ which means deity or god.
The Arabic word "Allah". For the Islamic perspective on God. Allah is the standard Arabic word for God and is used by Arabic-speaking Christians and Jews similarly as by Muslims.
The beginning of the title Allah returns before Muhammad (SAW), who tracked down that the Meccas loved an incomparable god whom they called "Allah".
In Islam religions, God (Allah) is all incarnations and he is perfect in every way. According to Islamic theology, God (Allah) has none body. Islam dismisses the doctrine of the incarnation and the notion of a personal god as anthropomorphic because it is seen as degrading the transcend of God (Allah).The Islamic idea of God (Allah) is completely unadulterated and liberated from all remnants of Shirk significance ascribed God's force characteristics to His Creation as well as the other way around. In Islam God (Allah) cannot be depicted in any of his portrayals.
What are the Qualities of Allah? or
What’s power does Allah have?
The names and character of Allah
The Qur’an refers to Allah as the Lord of the Universal. He has no personal name, and his traditional 99 names are epithets.
After this the refrains in Surah Bani Israel were uncovered: "Say, 'Shout to Allah or shout to Al Rehman, whichever name you call Him by, His are the most Beautiful Names."(17:110). As per a hadith, Allah has 99 'al asma' 'al husna' or, 'the most wonderful names, which address His ascribes (Tirmizi).
|
Ar-Rahman |
1 |
The All-Merciful |
|
Ar-Rahim |
2 |
The All-Beneficient |
|
Al-Malik |
3 |
The Absolute Ruler |
|
Al-Quddus |
4 |
The Pure One |
|
As-Salam |
5 |
The Source of Peace |
|
Al-Mu’min |
6 |
The Inspirer of Faith |
|
Al-Muhaymin |
7 |
The Guardian |
|
Al-‘Aziz |
8 |
The Victorious |
|
Al-Jabbar |
9 |
The Compeller |
|
Al-Mutakabbir |
10 |
The Greatest |
|
Al-Khaliq |
11 |
The Creator |
|
Al-Bari’ |
12 |
The Maker of Order |
|
Al-Musawwir |
13 |
The Shaper of Beauty |
|
Al-Ghaffar |
14 |
The Forgiving |
|
Al-Qahhar |
15 |
The Subduer |
|
Al-Wahhab |
16 |
The Giver of All |
|
Ar-Razzaq |
17 |
The Sustainer |
|
Al-Fattah |
18 |
The Opener |
|
Al-‘Alim |
19 |
The Knower of All |
|
Al-Qabid |
20 |
The Constrictor |
|
Al-Basit |
21 |
The Reliever |
|
Al-Khafid |
22 |
The Abaser |
|
Ar-Rafi’ |
23 |
The Exalter |
|
Al-Mu’izz |
24 |
The Bestower of Honors |
|
Al-Mudhill |
25 |
The Humiliator |
|
As-Sami |
26 |
The Hearer of All |
|
Al-Basir |
27 |
The Seer of All |
|
Al-Hakam |
28 |
The Judge |
|
Al-‘Adl |
29 |
The Just |
|
Al-Latif |
30 |
The Subtle One |
|
Al-Khabir |
31 |
The All-Aware |
|
Al-Halim |
32 |
The Forebearing |
|
Al-‘Azim |
33 |
The Magnificent |
|
Al-Ghafur |
34 |
The Forgiver and Hider of Faults |
|
Ash-Shakur |
35 |
The Rewarder of Thankfulness |
|
Al-‘Ali |
36 |
The Highest |
|
Al-Kabir |
37 |
The Greatest |
|
Al-Hafiz |
38 |
The Preserver |
|
Al-Muqit |
39 |
The Nourisher |
|
Al-Hasib |
40 |
The Accounter |
|
Al-Jalil |
41 |
The Mighty |
|
Al-Karim |
42 |
The Generous |
|
Ar-Raqib |
43 |
The Watchful One |
|
Al-Mujib |
44 |
The Responder to Prayer |
|
Al-Wasi’ |
45 |
The All-Comprehending |
|
Al-Hakim |
46 |
The Perfectly Wise |
|
Al-Wadud |
47 |
The Loving One |
|
Al-Majíd |
48 |
The Majestic One |
|
Al-Ba’ith |
49 |
The Resurrector |
|
Ash-Shahid |
50 |
The Witness |
|
Al-Haqq |
51 |
The Truth |
|
Al-Wakil |
52 |
The Trustee |
|
Al-Qawi |
53 |
The Possessor of All Strength |
|
Al-Matin |
54 |
The Forceful One |
|
Al-Wáli |
55 |
The Governor |
|
Al-Hamid |
56 |
The Praised One |
|
Al-Muhsi |
57 |
The Appraiser |
|
Al-Mubdi |
58 |
The Originator |
|
Al-Mu’id |
59 |
The Restorer |
|
Al-Muhyi |
60 |
The Giver of Life |
|
Al-Mumit |
61 |
The Taker of Life |
|
Al-Hayy |
62 |
The Ever Living One |
|
Al-Qayyum |
63 |
The Self-Existing One |
|
Al-Wajid |
64 |
The Finder |
|
Al-Májid |
65 |
The Glorious |
|
Al-Wahid |
66 |
The Only One |
|
Al-Ahad |
67 |
The One |
|
As-Samad |
68 |
The Satisfier of All Needs |
|
Al-Qadir |
69 |
The All Powerful |
|
Al-Muqtadir |
70 |
The Creator of All Power |
|
Al-Muqaddim |
71 |
The Expediter |
|
Al-Mu’akhkhir |
72 |
The Delayer |
|
Al-Awwal |
73 |
The First |
|
Al-Akhir |
74 |
The Last |
|
Az-Zahir |
75 |
The Manifest One |
|
Al-Batin |
76 |
The Hidden One |
|
Al-Walí |
77 |
The Protecting Friend |
|
Al-Muta’ali |
78 |
The Supreme One |
|
Al-Barr |
79 |
The Doer of Good |
|
At-Tawwab |
80 |
The Guide to Repentance |
|
Al-Muntaqim |
81 |
The Avenger |
|
Al-Afu |
82 |
The Forgiver |
|
Ar-Ra’uf |
83 |
The Clement |
|
Malik al-Mulk |
84 |
The Owner of All |
|
Dhul-Jalali |
85 |
The Lord of Majesty and Bounty |
|
Al-Muqsit |
86 |
The Equitable One |
|
Al-Jami |
87 |
The Gatherer |
|
Al-Ghani |
88 |
The Rich One |
|
Al-Mughni |
89 |
The Enricher |
|
Al-Mani’ |
90 |
The Preventer of Harm |
|
Ad-Darr |
91 |
The Creator of The Harmful |
|
An-Nafi |
92 |
The Creator of Good |
|
An-Nur |
93 |
The Light |
|
Al-Hadi |
94 |
The Guide |
|
Al-Badi |
95 |
The Originator |
|
Al-Baqi |
96 |
The Everlasting One |
|
Al-Warith |
97 |
The Inheritor of All |
|
Ar-Rashid |
98 |
The Righteous Teacher |
|
As-Sabur |
99 |
The Patient One |
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